Multidimensional Index Modulation for 5G and Beyond Wireless Networks

Index modulation (IM) provides a novel way for the transmission of additional data bits via indices available transmit entities compared with classical communication schemes. This study examines flexible utilization existing IM techniques in comprehensive manner to satisfy challenging and diverse requirements 5G beyond services. After spatial (SM), which transmits information through antenna indices, application orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarriers has opened door extension into different dimensions, such as radio frequency (RF) mirrors, time slots, codes, dispersion matrices. Recent studies have introduced concept multidimensional by various combinations 1-D provide higher spectral efficiency (SE) better bit error rate (BER) performance at expense transmitter (Tx) receiver (Rx) complexity. Despite ongoing research on design new their implementation challenges, proper use address networks is an open area literature. For this reason, we first dimensional-based categorization domains review types regarding categorization. Then, develop framework that investigates efficient these establishes link between schemes services, namely, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTCs), ultrareliable low-latency (URLLC). In addition, work defines key indicators (KPIs) quantify advantages disadvantages time, frequency, space, code dimensions. Finally, future recommendations are given IM-based systems wireless networks.