Monofloral Corn Poppy Bee-Collected Pollen—A Detailed Insight into Its Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties

The aim of this study was to compile a detailed phytochemical profile and assess the antioxidant properties bee-collected pollen (PBP) obtained from corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.) plants. To achieve this, lipid fraction prepared for quantifying fatty acids using GC-FID. Extractable alkaline-hydrolysable PBP fractions (obtained defatted sample) were used determine qualitative quantitative profiles phenolic compounds, phenylamides alkaloids UHPLC/Q-ToF-MS. Additionally, various spectrophotometric assays (TAC, FRP, CUPRAC, DPPH⦁) conducted evaluate properties. Phenolic compounds more present in extractable than fraction. Luteolin predominant compound fraction, followed by tricetin derivatives kaempferol. This presents one first reports on quantification aglycone outside Myrtaceae plant family. exhibited different profile, with significantly lower amount phenolics. Kaempferol/derivatives, specific like ferulic 5-carboxyvanillic acids, (epi)catechin 3-O-gallate Regarding phenylamides, demonstrated diverse range these bioactive notable abundance spermine derivatives. In contrast, hydrolysable contained six spermidine derivative. examined also revealed presence seventeen alkaloids, belonging benzylisoquinoline, berberine isoquinoline classes. fatty-acid confirmed prevalence unsaturated acids. Furthermore, both significant activity, showing particularly high activity. Among conducted, CUPRAC assay highlighted exceptional ability PBP’s reduce cupric ions.