Modulation of adaptive immunity with Toll-like receptors

Toll-like receptors in innate immunity.

Functional characterization of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has established that innate immunity is a skillful system that detects invasion of microbial pathogens. Recognition of microbial components by TLRs initiates signal transduction pathways, which triggers expression of genes. These gene products control innate immune responses and further instruct development of antigen-specific acquired i...

Toll-like Receptors and Innate Immunity

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best-characterized membrane-bound receptors in innate immune cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells. Upon recognition of specific ligands originating from pathogenand modified selfderived molecules, TLRs trigger intracellular signaling cascades that involve various adaptor proteins and enzymes, resulting in the generation of proinflammatory and antim...

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is highly prevalent worldwide. Treatment of this disease is a major global public health problem; therefore, numerous studies have explored new molecular profile helping for breast cancer therapy. Different risk factors are attributed to breast cancer; however, chronic inflammation and immune regulation are highly essential. Various molecules impact this context, including toll-li...

The Role of Toll Like Receptors in Pregnancy

Involvement of Toll-Like Receptors on Helicobacter pylori-Induced Immunity

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in the innate immune response since they recognize a broad repertoire of PAMPs mainly via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). During Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, TLRs have been shown to be important to control cytokine response particularly in murine DCs. In the present study we analyzed the effect of blocking TLRs on human DCs. Co-incubation of hum...