Modelling Coastal Morphodynamic Evolution under Human Impacts: A Review

Coastal and estuarine morphogenetic evolution has been affected by anthropogenic activities. Human activities have become an important external force for the future prediction of morphological in ecosystem health. We reviewed existing literature on modelling impacts human changes. Three types approaches (the application coastal-area morphodynamic models, equilibrium modelling, machine learning) are introduced collaboratively to complement each other. The Bayes network learning can be used include uncertainties forces intrinsic limitations models. Future research should consider bio-morphodynamic effects activities, as significantly damaged ecosystem. Modelling processes benthic communities, well feedback morphodynamics, appears increasingly protection restoration. From perspective a longer time span, morphodynamics considered which requires better quantification understanding human–nature interactions.