Microstructure, Process Optimization, and Strength Response Modelling of Green-Aluminium-6061 Composite as Automobile Material

The use of ashes derived from various waste sources as supplements to synthesized ceramic reinforcement in metal matrices has been established. However, studies involving a combination particulates three different are rare. In bid further knowledge this aspect research and develop green aluminium composite for automobile applications, the present investigation studied implication adding palm kernel shell ash (PKA), rice husk (RHA), steel particles (STP) morphology strength behaviour Al-6061-T6 alloy. experimental design was undertaken via Box–Behnken (BBD) response surface method. A 4% STP at constant dose mixed with PKA RHA varying proportions stirring temperatures according BBD. outcome revealed that responses were greatly influenced by microstructural evolution. From plots, 2–4% enhanced tensile flexural strengths, while 4–6% led decline strength. Meanwhile, 2–6% favourable enhancement compressive strengths moduli. Temperatures between 700 800 °C favored improvement, whereas 900 detrimental responses. Developed regression models validated be good representations outcomes. optimum mix obtained 4.81% PKA, 5.41% RHA, temperature 803 °C. validation experiment conducted portrayed reliable <5% deviation predicted values, thereby certifying statistically fit future predictions.