Metal-doped Mo2C (metal = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) as catalysts on TiO2 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in neutral solution

The neutral hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is vital in the chemical industry, and its efficiency depends on interior character of catalyst. Herein, work function ( W F ) engineering introduced via 3 d metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) doping for modulating Fermi energy level Mo 2 C. defective facilitates free water molecule adsorption and, subsequently, promotes HER efficiency. Specifically, at a current density 10 mA/cm , Cu-Mo C exhibits best performance with an overpotential 78 mV, followed by Ni-Mo C, Co-Mo Fe-Mo bare 90, 95, 100, 173 respectively, corresponding Tafel slope values are 40, 43, 42, 56, 102 mV/dec. modified F> can also lead to enhanced photocatalytic owing lowered Schottky barrier excellent carrier transition across electrocatalyst–solution interface. When coupling metal-doped samples TiO rates obtained comparison case . Typically, 521, 404, 275, 224, 147, 112 ?mol/h Cu, Fe, respectively. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy (TRPS) ultrafast transient absorption (TA) measurements carried out confirm recombination migration photogenerated carriers. fitted ? from TRPS curves 22.6, 20.5, 10.1, 4.7, 4.0, 2.5, 1.9 ns -Mo -Fe-Mo -Pt, Additionally, TA results 31, 73, 105 ps -Cu-Mo -Pt samples, This provides in-depth insights into modulation electrocatalyst improving performance. Metals Ni doped reported promote performance, then boost activity working as co-catalysts