Metal-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions between Alkynoic Acids and Dinucleophiles: A Review

Cascade reactions provide a straightforward access to many valuable compounds and reduce considerably the number of steps synthetic sequence. Among domino multicomponent processes that involve alkynes, cascade reaction between alkynoic acids C-, N-, O- S-aminonucleophiles stands out as particularly powerful tool for one-pot construction libraries nitrogen-containing heterocyclic with scaffold diversity molecular complexity. This reaction, based on an initial metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization generates alkylidene lactone intermediate, was originally catalyzed by gold(I) catalysts, along silver salts or Brönsted acid additives, but other alternative metal catalysts have emerged in last decade well different media. review examines existing literature topic acetylenic dinucleophiles discusses aspects concerning substrate/catalyst ratio every catalyst system, nature aminonucleophile involved substrate scope. In addition, solvents are also considered, insight into pathway possible intermediates is provided.