Metabolite Fingerprinting of Piper nigrum L. from Different Regions of Thailand by UHPLC-QTOF-MS Approach and In Vitro Bioactivities

This study aimed to profile the metabolites, piperine content, and biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, apoptotic cell) of 15 samples Piper nigrum L. from various geographic regions Thailand. UHPLC-QTOF-MS was applied establish alkaloid profiles P. samples. PCA HCA analysis showed that PN-1, PN-2, PN-11 sources differed significantly those other in terms compound type concentration profile. Comparative based on a validated HPLC-DAD method used for standardization varieties with as standard phytomarker which revealed PN-4 source possessed high content piperine. PN-2 highest antioxidant capacity (DPPH activity) while PN-10, PN-12, PN-15 FRAP activity. inhibition anti-inflammatory anticancer properties. Furthermore, PN-3, also both antibacterial Almost have been shown induce late apoptosis necrosis SW480 cell line. will be useful development quality control parameters through raw materials traditional medicine formulations. HIGHLIGHTS Metabolite profiling different geographical locations Thailand Quality parameter marker by using Comparisons metabolites among cultivations Principal Component Analysis (PCA) hierarchical cluster (HCA) Biological activity GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT