Meta-Analysis of Circuit, Interval, and Conventional Training Methods Towars Motivation and Mental Toughness among Elementary School Hockey Athletes

In high-intensity and high-performance training, athletes sometimes face physical or mental aspects. The observed thing is that there less no research on the training method's effect motivation. Studies linking exercise its impact basis toughness are lacking. This study aims to see effects of particular methods, namely circuit interval conventional motivation in primary school hockey athletes. Based references from past studies presented Literature Highlights, it has been found most researchers have carried out form a combination two quasi-experimental type survey type. Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) widely used related sports addition, another instrument as result by Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ). this pilot study, respondents chosen researcher students aged 11 12 years who currently Years 5 6 Malaysian education system. A total 20 involved game were selected based purposive sampling method. findings reliability validity with Cronbach alpha value >0.7 (excellent acceptable). Thus, show existing can be actual later.