Measurement of Surface Velocity in a 150 mm × 1270 mm Slab Continuous-Casting Mold

Adaptive Mold Level Control in a Continuous Steel Slab Casting Process

Surface quality of the steel slabs in a Continuous Casting (C.C.) process is mainly determined by the stability of the Mold Level Control (MLC). Excessive mold level fluctuations lead to an additional machine scarfing process which is applied to the slabs to avoid surface defects. A conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is not robust enough to deal with the disturbances...

Transient Fluid-Flow Phenomena in the Continuous Steel-Slab Casting Mold and Defect Formation

Phenomena associated with the turbulent flow of molten steel in a continuous casting mold are responsible for many defects in the final product, including surface slivers, frozen meniscus hooks, captured inclusions that enter the mold from upstream, and mold slag entrapment. Animations of some of these transient flow phenomena are presented from Large-Eddy Simulations of a typical slab caster w...

Physical Modeling of Steel Delivery during Thin Slab Continuous Casting

A full scale physical model of a thin slab caster with a four-hole design submerged entry nozzle (SEN) was constructed. On the basis of the dimensionless Reynolds and Froude similitude criteria, the fluid flow in a full-scale model is similar to that of the actual system and, hence, the data obtained from the water model can be applied to the actual system. In order to determine the optimum ope...

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Inclusion Removal by Bubble Flotation in a Continuous Casting Mold

Fundamentally based computational models are developed and applied to quantify the removal of inclusions by bubbles during the continuous casting of steel. First, the attachment probability of inclusions on a bubble surface is investigated based on fundamental fluid flow simulations, incorporating the turbulent inclusion trajectory and sliding time of each individual inclusion along the bubble ...