Measurement of ion in biological specimen.1. chlorine ion.

electrode Chlorine ion sensor Hydrogen ion sensor Microcontroller Switch Display

A measurement system was successfully fabricated to detect ion concentrations (hydrogen and chlorine) in this study. PIC18F4520, the microcontroller was used as the control unit in the measurement system. The measurement system was practically used to sense the H and Cl in different examples, and the pH and pCl values were exhibited on real-time LCD display promptly. In the study, the measureme...

DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF ACETONE IN THE BREATH OF DIABETICS BY ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY METHOD

Background: The ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical technique that is widely used due to its high sensitivity and speed for the detection of ionized molecules in gas phase and under atmospheric pressure. Breath analysis is a new method for obtaining information about person's clinical conditions that is considered by researchers. Human exhaled air contains a variety of components s...

Diffusion of the Chlorine Ion in Potassium Chloride

Air Ion Measurement

Air Ion measurement has been primarily the concern of meteorologists and geophysicists. Accurate instrumentation was developed by these scientists many decades ago and as a result, we have substantial knowledge of atmospheric electricit and the forces which control it. Though the devices employed by these early investigators were technically fine instruments, they lacked high sensitivity and re...

Effective Point of Measurement in Cylindrical Ion Chamber for Megavoltage Photon Beams

Introduction For dose measurement in Megavoltage (MV) photon beams with ion chambers, the effect of volume occupied by the air cavity is not negligible. Therefore, the result of measurement should be corrected with a displacement perturbation correction factor (Pdis) or using an effective point of measurement (EPOM). The aim of this study is to calculate the EPOM for cylindrical ion chamber and...