Mapping Reentry

Mapping Reentry

• Small-circuit reentry (microreentry) in which extremely slow conduction in a focal area sustains the reentry also presents with centrifugal activation. Unlike automaticity, however, the local bipolar electrograms at the site of the apparent focal source are fragmented and abnormal with microreentry. • When mapping 1 chamber, say the right atrium, but a macroreentry circuit is located within t...

Electrocardiogram mapping-reentry: final frontier?

Visualizing Localized Reentry With Ultra-High Density Mapping in Iatrogenic Atrial Tachycardia: Beware Pseudo-Reentry.

BACKGROUND The activation pattern of localized reentry (LR) in atrial tachycardia remains incompletely understood. We used the ultra-high density Rhythmia mapping system to study activation patterns in LR. METHODS AND RESULTS LR was suggested by small rotatory activations (carousels) containing the full spectrum of the color-coded map. Twenty-three left-sided atrial tachycardias were mapped i...

Electroanatomical mapping and ablation of upper loop reentry atrial flutter.

Upper loop reentry is a rare type of non isthmus-dependent atrial flutter with a reentry circuit around the superior vena cava. We present a case of atrial flutter of this type in a 75-year-old man with concomitant sick sinus syndrome. The diagnostic approach used three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping with the upgraded ENSITE 3000 system. This is the first case to be described where, apar...

Focus, reentry, or "focal" reentry?

THE QUESTION WHETHER tachyarrhythmias are caused by enhanced impulse formation (“focus”) or by reentrant excitation (“reentry”) has been the subject of debate for more than a century. In 1887 McWilliam (12) was the first to suggest that disturbances in impulse propagation could be responsible for fibrillation, and he clearly envisaged the possibility that myocardial fibers could be reexcited as...