Mapping electric vehicle impacts: greenhouse gas emissions, fuel costs, and energy justice in the United States
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) will impact the climate, environment, and society in highly significant ways. This study compares EVs with internal combustion engines for three major areas: greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), fuel costs, transportation energy burden (i.e. percentage of income spent on vehicle fuels). Excluded analysis is purchase cost themselves. results reveal that over 90% vehicle-owning U.S. households would see reductions both GHGs by adopting an EV. For 60% these savings be moderate high >2.3 metric tons CO 2 e reduction per household annually >0.6% reduction). These are especially pronounced American West (e.g. California, Washington) parts Northeast New York) primarily due a varying combination cleaner electricity grids, lower prices (relative prices), smaller drive-cycle temperature-related impacts efficiency. Moreover, EV more than double enjoy low (<2% annually). equates 80% all households. Nevertheless, half lowest still have (>4% annually), if at-home charging unavailable, this rises 75 percent. Addressing inequity hinges interventions: 1) targeted policies promote justice lower-income communities, including subsidizing infrastructure; 2) strategies reduce costs; 3) expanding access low-carbon transport infrastructure public transit, biking, car sharing).
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Research Letters
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1748-9326']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aca4e6