Major depressive disorder subtypes and depression symptoms in multiple sclerosis: What is different compared to the general population?

To compare and characterize major depressive disorder (MDD) subtypes (i.e., pure atypical, melancholic mixed atypical-melancholic) depression symptoms in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) without MS (Pw/oMS) fulfilling the DSM-5 criteria for a past 12-month MDD. MDD PwMS (n = 92) from Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry was compared Pw/oMS 277) community-based study. Epidemiological diagnoses were based on Mini-SPIKE (shortened form of Structured Psychopathological Interview Rating Social Consequences Epidemiology). Logistic multinomial regression analyses (adjusted sex, age, civil status, severity) computed comparisons characterization. Latent class analysis (LCA) conducted to empirically identify PwMS. had higher risk atypical-melancholic subtype (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.03–4.80) Pw/oMS. specifically characterized by two somatic atypical ‘weight gain’ 6.91, 2.20–21.70) ‘leaden paralysis’ 3.03, 1.35–6.82) symptom ‘irritable/angry’ 3.18, 1.08–9.39). specific subtype. The subtype, however, did not differentiate between Given high phenomenological overlap symptoms, represents particular diagnostic challenge.