Low?Temperature, Scalable, Reactive Deposition of Tin Oxide for Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite Solar Cells In article number 2200263, David George Lidzey and co-workers fabricated SnOx electron-extraction layers via a reactive electron-beam evaporation process from metal source under partial pressure of oxygen. These are then used in standard (n-i-p) architecture perovskite solar cells achieve power conversion efficiencies up to 19.3%. The deposition is performed onto substrates maintained at low temperature compared similar techniques, with films not requiring any subsequent high-temperature post-deposition annealing. This demonstrates the potential compatibility roll-to-roll processing flexible polymeric substrates.