Load forecasting of supermarket refrigeration

Energy Analysis of Various Supermarket Refrigeration Systems

Modeling and analysis work was done on various supermarket refrigeration systems for their energy efficiency, TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact), and annual operating cost. The systems which were modeled in detail include parallel racks, distributed, self-contained, glycol secondary loop, and CO2 secondary loop (medium temperature) and cascade (low temperature). Based on R404A modeling resu...

European Supermarket Refrigeration Systems Eco-Efficiency Considerations

Fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerants have especially in Europe been drawn into the focus of the public debate concerning the background of reducing greenhouse active substances. This debate concentrates mainly on the GWP (Global Warming Potentials) properties of the substances. To step forward from a material based discussion to a useful dialogue about substances in their respective application...

Waste Heat Recapture from Supermarket Refrigeration Systems

Method for Analysis of Synchronization Applied to Supermarket Refrigeration System

Synchronisation arises in dynamical systems that are composed of a number of interconnected subsystems. In the paper synchronization in a particular application a supermarket refrigeration system is studied. The temperature control in supermarket display cases is typically maintained by a number of distributed hysteresis controllers. Synchronization is then manifested by the opening and closing...

Hybrid NMPC of a Supermarket Refrigeration System Using Sequential Optimization

Supermarket refrigeration systems are hybrid systems due to switching of the continuous dynamics and due to the presence of discretely switched actuators such as valves and compressors. The main control goal for these systems is to keep temperature and pressure levels within tight bounds while minimizing the wear of the compressors. In our previous work, a hierarchical model-predictive control ...