Lipid Raft-dependent and -independent Signaling through HLA-DR Molecules

Intracytoplasmic domains of MHC class II molecules are essential for lipid-raft-dependent signaling.

In addition to their role in antigen presentation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules have been widely described as signaling proteins in diverse antigen-presenting cells (APCs) including B cells and dendritic cells. By contrast, little is known of the signaling function of MHC class II molecules expressed in solid tumors. We describe the functional organization and signa...

Lipid Raft-Associated GTPase Signaling

Monocytes are differentially activated through HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP molecules via mitogen-activated protein kinases.

When HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP were cross-linked by solid-phase mAbs, monocytes produced monokines and only anti-DR markedly activated mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase extracellular signal-related kinase, whereas anti-DR, anti-DQ, and anti-DP all activated MAP kinase p38. Activation of extracellular signal-related kinase was not inhibited by neutralizing Ab to TNF-alpha. Anti-DR and DR-restric...

HLA-DR antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes.

HLA-A, B, C, and DR-typing was performed in 51 children with insulin-dependent diabetes. A close association between childhood diabetes and HLA-DR3 and DR4 was established. DR3 was found in 55% and DR4 in 75% of the diabetic children, compared with 20% and 26% respectively in healthy controls. The combination of DR3 and DR4 was present in 37% of the diabetic children compared with only 4% of th...

Signaling by Linker for Activation of T Cells Transport but Lipid Raft-Independent Palmitoylation-Dependent Plasma Membrane