Lipid Profile and 5α-Reductase Inhibition Activity of Proprietary Ultrahigh-Pressure Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Hexane Saw Palmetto Extracts

Inhibition of 5α-reductase (5αR), which blocks the conversion testosterone to its active metabolite, dihydrotestosterone, has been shown impact further prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH). Clinical trials standardized lipidosterolic extracts Serenoa repens (LSESr), also known as saw palmetto, have demonstrated improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and delayed progression BPH. The aim this preclinical study was compare two LSESr, a proprietary ultrahigh-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide extract S. (UHP-sCESr) well-established hexanic (HESr), for both 5αR inhibition activity lipid profiles. UHP-sCESr HESr had nearly identical curves comparable IC50 values 5αR-1 (9.25 ± 0.87 9.86 0.11 μg/mL, respectively; p = 0.43) 5αR-2 (7.47 0.07 7.72 0.05 0.0544). profiles based on similar total fatty acid levels (87.7% 91.5%, respectively), weight/weight comparisons individual acids, ratios lauric acid. In addition, meets standard set by United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph authenticity purity (SCCO2) whereas European Medicines Agency (EMA) medicinal product. conclusion, enzyme values, profile is important achieve mechanisms action palmetto. offers comparable, LSESr men with LUTS/BPH regions where not available.