Linking clinical phenotypes of chronic lung allograft dysfunction to changes in lung structure

Linking clinical phenotypes of chronic lung allograft dysfunction to changes in lung structure.

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains the major barrier to long-term success after lung transplantation. This report compares gross and microscopic features of lungs removed from patients receiving a redo-transplant as treatment for CLAD. Lungs donated by patients with either the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) or restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS) phenotype of CLAD and ap...

Mechanistic differences between phenotypes of chronic lung allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation

Distinct phenotypes of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation are emerging with lymphocytic bronchiolitis (LB)/azithromycin reversible allograft dysfunction (ARAD), classical or fibrotic bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), and restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS) proposed as separate entities. We have additionally identified lung transplant recipients with pri...

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction following lung transplantation: challenges and solutions

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction: evolving practice.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) was recently introduced as an overarching term covering different phenotypes of chronic allograft dysfunction, including obstructive CLAD (bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome), restrictive CLAD (restrictive allograft syndrome) and graft dysfunction due to causes not related to chronic rejection. In the present review, we will highlight t...

Physiology of chronic lung allograft dysfunction: back to the future?

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is, in one sense, a term without a true consensus definition, although its common usage in the field of lung transplantation implies a base understanding throughout the community that it describes a lung allograft that does not work (well) [1]. There appears to be general agreement that CLAD most commonly occurs in a time-dependent fashion after transpl...