Legal consequences of standard setting for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities

Preparticipation screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in young competitive athletes.

The cardiovascular benefits of regular physical exercise are well established.However, a small proportion of young (≤35 years) athletes with unsuspected heart disease are at increased risk of exercise related sudden cardiac death. The majority of such deaths are attributable to cardiac anomalies, most of which can be identified during life. A range of therapeutic strategies can be implemented t...

Introduction: eligibility recommendations for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities-general considerations.

The focus of this 36th Bethesda Conference is the trained athlete with an identified cardiovascular abnormality. The goal is to formally develop prudent consensus recommendations regarding the eligibility of such individuals for competition in organized sports, and to present these considerations in a readily useble format for clinicians. This document constitutes an update of the 16th (in 1985...

36th Bethesda Conference Eligibility Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities

Recommendations for Management of Equine Athletes with Cardiovascular Abnormalities

Murmurs and arrhythmias are commonly detected in equine athletes. Assessing the relevance of these cardiovascular abnormalities in the performance horse can be challenging. Determining the impact of a cardiovascular disorder on performance, life expectancy, horse and rider or driver safety relative to the owner's future expectations is paramount. A comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular...

Preparticipation screening for the detection of cardiovascular abnormalities that may cause sudden death in competitive athletes.