"Jak roste nový člověk"
نویسندگان
چکیده
Studie se zabĂ˝vĂĄ dosud opomĂjenou poÄĂĄteÄnĂ fĂĄzĂ politickĂŠ kariĂŠry pĹednĂho komunistickĂŠho funkcionĂĄĹe MiloĹĄe JakeĹĄe (1922–2020), kterĂ˝ pozdÄji po porĂĄĹžce praĹžskĂŠho jara stal Älenem novĂŠho, normalizaÄnĂho vedenĂ KomunistickĂŠ strany Äeskoslovenska a v letech 1987 aĹž 1989 stanul jejĂm Äele jako generĂĄlnĂ tajemnĂk. Tato etapa je spjata s jeho pĹŻsobenĂm v regionu moravskĂŠho mÄsta ZlĂn (pozdÄji pĹejmenovanĂŠho na Gottwaldov) ohraniÄena JakeĹĄovĂ˝m vstupem do KSÄ druhĂŠ svÄtovĂŠ vĂĄlce Äervnu 1945 odchodem ĂşstĹedĂ podzim 1952. Autor nejprve pĹibliĹžuje JakeĹĄĹŻv pĹŻvod chudĂ˝ch pomÄrech jihoÄeskĂŠ vesnice ÄeskĂŠ Chalupy lĂŠta uÄednickĂĄ BaĹĽovĂ˝ch zĂĄvodech ve ZlĂnÄ, kde za vĂĄlky vyuÄil elektrokonstruktĂŠrem. VĹĄĂmĂĄ si pĹitom moĹžnĂ˝ch vlivĹŻ „batismu“ specifickĂŠ etiky zpĹŻsobu organizace prĂĄce utvĂĄĹenĂ JakeĹĄovy osobnosti. lĂÄĂ vzestup aktivity regionĂĄlnĂch strukturĂĄch Svazu ÄeskĂŠ mlĂĄdeĹže, komunistickĂŠ veĹejnĂŠ sprĂĄvy, vykonĂĄval mimo jinĂŠ funkce Älena pĹedsednictev okresnĂho vĂ˝boru i krajskĂŠho pĹedsedy JednotnĂŠho nĂĄrodnĂho GottwaldovÄ (fakticky primĂĄtora). ZvlĂĄĹĄtnĂ pozornost vÄnuje podĂlu kolektivizaci zemÄdÄlstvĂ Gottwaldovsku roce 1948. nesnaŞà odpovÄdÄt jen otĂĄzky spojenĂŠ samotnĂ˝m JakeĹĄem, napĹĂklad co jej pĹivedlo ke komunistickĂŠmu hnutĂ, jakĂŠ postoje zastĂĄval mÄnĂcĂch politickĂ˝ch zda byl vĹždy konformnĂm funkcionĂĄĹem, ale JakeĹĄovÄ regionĂĄlnĂ drĂĄze pokouĹĄĂ prohloubit dosavadnĂ poznĂĄnĂ procesu novĂ˝ch mocenskĂ˝ch elit bÄhem nastolovĂĄnĂ upevĹovĂĄnĂ diktatury. JakeĹĄ podle nÄj mnoha smÄrech zapadal profilu stranickĂ˝ch kĂĄdrĹŻ obdobĂ vrcholnĂŠho stalinismu zosobĹoval typ funkcionĂĄĹĹŻ, kteĹĂ svĹŻj ĂşspÄch zaloĹžili dodrĹžovĂĄnĂ aktuĂĄlnÄ platnĂŠ oficiĂĄlnĂ linie strany, pĹi jejĂmĹž uvĂĄdÄnĂ praxe snaĹžili zohledĹovat specifika konkrĂŠtnĂho regionu. SkuteÄnost, Ĺže padesĂĄtitisĂcovĂŠho prĹŻmyslovĂŠho mÄstskĂŠho centra formĂĄlnÄ sotva tĹicetiletĂ˝ muĹž nĂzkĂŠho sociĂĄlnĂho pĹŻvodu, bez vĂ˝raznÄjĹĄĂ kvalifikace delĹĄĂch zkuĹĄenostĂ, pak ilustruje enormnĂ sociĂĄlnĂ mobilitu povĂĄleÄnĂŠm, pĹedevĹĄĂm poĂşnorovĂŠm Äeskoslovensku.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Soudobé d?jiny
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2695-0952', '1210-7050']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51134/sod.2023.010