Is War a Biological Necessity?

Is Just War Theory Obsolete?

Just War Theory can be found in almost all major cultures. But since war was a business that could not be easily stopped, some aimed to constrain it. In its classic form, Just War Theory has been around for several centuries—ever since nationhood in Europe replaced provincial governments. Having made some introductory considerations, I will ask: should Just War Theory be left as it is, changed,...

Animal Rights Consideration is a Necessity in Conducting an Experiment

Noncoding DNA is not ‘Junk” but a necessity for origin and evolution of biological complexity

All eukaryotic genomes contain, besides the coding infor-mation for amino acids in different proteins, a significant amount of noncoding sequences, which may or may not be transcribed. In general, the more evolved or biologically complex the organisms are, greater is the proportion of the noncoding component in their genomes. The popularity and success of “central dogma of molecular biology” du...

Multinational War is Hard

In this paper, we show that the problem of determining whether one player can force a win in a multiplayer version of the children’s card game War is pspace-hard. The same reduction shows that a related problem, asking whether a player can survive k rounds, is pspace-complete when k is polynomial in the size of the input.

Is Health Care a Necessity or a Luxury ?

This paper estimates the income elasticity of health care expenditures using annual data on health spending by state in the U.S. from 1966-2009. Panel stationarity tests incorporating structural breaks in the levels and trends in Health Care Expenditures and Disposable Personal Income yield inconsistent results, with stationarity rejected for HCE but not for DPI. Regression results using levels...