منابع مشابه
PassivityÐthe key to our metals-based civilization*
Humankind has been able to develop a metals-based civilization primarily because the reactive metals (Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Ti, Zr, . . .) exhibit extraordinary kinetic stabilities in oxidizing environments. From the time of Schonbein and Faraday (1830s), the reason for this stability has been attributed to the existence of a thin reaction product ®lm on the metal (or alloy) surface. This ®lm effecti...
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We are overwhelmed by warnings about inevitable geophysical and human problems. Earth is beset by escalating, manmade, environmental crises and our exploding population will eventually lack water, food and vital materials. This suggests, together with increasing poverty, deepening social unrest and advanced techniques for mass killing, that civilization will break down long before atmospheric C...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Scientific American
سال: 1913
ISSN: 0036-8733
DOI: 10.1038/scientificamerican06141913-370supp