IRF-3 Releases Its Inhibitions

MDGAs help the brain lose its inhibitions

MDGAs help the brain lose its inhibitions S ynapse development is promoted by a variety of cell adhesion molecules that connect neurons and organize synaptic proteins. Many of these adhesion molecules are linked to neuro-developmental disorders; mutations in neu-roligin and neurexin family members, for example, are associated with autism and schizophrenia. Pettem et al. reveal that another fami...

An IRF-3-, IRF-5-, and IRF-7-Independent Pathway of Dengue Viral Resistance Utilizes IRF-1 to Stimulate Type I and II Interferon Responses.

Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors (TFs) that translate viral recognition into antiviral responses, including type I interferon (IFN) production. Dengue virus (DENV) and other clinically important flaviviruses are suppressed by type I IFN. While mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-) succumb to DENV infection, we found that mice deficient in thr...

Differential activation of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-3 and IRF-5 transcription factors during viral infection.

Members of the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) family regulate gene expression critical to immune response, hemopoiesis, and proliferation. Although related by homology at their N-terminal DNA-binding domain, they display individual functional properties. The distinct properties result from differences in regulated expression, response to activating signals, and interaction with DNA regulatory elem...

Antiviral Immunity against Dengue Virus The Roles of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in Innate

Viral targeting of DEAD box protein 3 reveals its role in TBK1/IKKmediated IRF activation

Viruses are detected by different classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors and RIG-like helicases. Engagement of PRRs leads to activation of interferon (IFN)-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7 through IKKe and TBK1 and consequently IFN-b induction. Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes proteins that manipulate host signalling, sometimes by targeting uncharacterised ...