Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles for mRNA Delivery

Therapeutics based on messenger RNA (mRNA) have become a promising class of methods for various diseases’ treatments in recent years. The safe and effective delivery mRNA into target cells is the premise clinical translation mRNA. Due to protonation ionizable lipids acidic conditions, lipid nanoparticles (iLNPs) lower toxicity higher endosomal escape efficiency than permanent cationic (cLNPs). They not only exhibit excellent ability commercial COVID-19 vaccines but also are highly potential carriers delivering drugs. This review summarizes composition, preparation, stability iLNPs, progress by iLNPs. According structure characteristics heads, classified tertiary amine, quaternary imidazole core, piperidine piperazine diketopiperazine core-based head lipids. Their design, optimization, applications discussed. current status representative trials iLNPs analyzed. challenges prospects proposed at end.