Investigating water safety in multi-purpose buildings used as an elementary school and plumbing remediation effectiveness
نویسندگان
چکیده
Three buildings that were repurposed for use as an elementary school shutdown three months in response to the pandemic. Building cold and hot water quality was monitored before reopening detect resolve chemical microbiological problems. The authors collected first draw pre-flush post-flush samples. First samples did not contain detectable disinfectant residual, but nickel lead sometimes exceeded health-based action limits (max. 144 μg Ni/L, 3.4 Pb/L). Stagnant at a bathroom sink (188 MPN/100 mL) drinking fountain (141.6 mL), same building, L . pneumophila thresholds advised by World Health Organization (WHO) (10 CFU/mL) American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) (100 CFU/mL). Fixture flushing conducted remove stagnant no detected immediately after flushing. Two weeks subsequent building use, contaminant levels found be similar prior with one exception. maximum level (kitchen sink, water: 61.1 different than detections. No repeat positive locations during second visit, new fixtures organism. When this study evidence-based guidelines plumbing recommissioning available. A single flush reduced heavy metal below WHO AIHA all buildings. Additional work is needed examine role of size, type design on fixture
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Mahmoud Zarei was born in Hamedan, Iran in 1986. He received his B.Sc. in pure chemistry (2010) from Islamic Azad University Arak and M.Sc. in organic chemistry (2013) at Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. Also, he received his Ph.D. in organic chemistry (2017) under the supervision of Prof. Mohammad Ali Zolfigol. He is currently working towards his postdoctoral under the supervision of Prof. Mohamm...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: PLOS water
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2767-3219']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000141