Insecticide Monitoring in Cattle Dip with an E-Nose System and Room Temperature Screen-Printed ZnO Gas Sensors

Taktic, an Amitraz-based insecticide, is commonly used in sub-Saharan Africa to treat cattle for ticks. Due misuse rural dipping pools, some ticks are showing resistance Taktic. This work presents a low-cost e-nose with commercial sensors monitor Taktic levels pool water. The device shows distinctly different measurements the odours of air, distilled water, farm and four insecticide A naive Bayes algorithm Gaussian distribution trained on data validation set achieves 96.5% accuracy. also compares two sol-gel ZnO nanoparticle solutions off-the-shelf ink use as active material chemiresistive gas be employed array. screen-printed onto gold electrodes, auto-sintered built heater, UV illumination operate low-power, room temperature sensors. All show distinct changes when exposed vapours under humidity conditions. custom fabricated via facile processes suitable future integration point-of-need microsystem detection