Inoculation of paddy soils with Rhodopseudomonas palustris enhanced heavy metal immobilisation

To investigate the effect of microbial inoculum on soil heavy metal immobilisation, pot experiments were conducted with paddy soils contaminated by cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), respectively. The results showed that inoculation Rhodopseudomonas palustris was more effective in immobilisation Pb Cd than composite R. Bacillus subtilis. Interestingly, a lower dosage immobilised significantly metals higher dosage, potentially due to competition bacteria limited nutrients. contents rice grains also supported this finding, as less accumulated under dosage. However, there effects inoculations Hg As. In general, our study indicated effectiveness immobilising highlighted importance determining optimal bioremediation.