Influence of orographic precipitation on coevolving landforms and vegetation in semi?arid ecosystems

Topography affects the intensity and spatial distribution of precipitation due to orographic lifting mechanisms and, in turn, influences prevailing climate vegetation distribution. Previous modelling studies on impact landform evolution have considered bare soil conditions. However, research effect changes regimes induced by elevation gradients (particularly aspect-controlled semi-arid ecosystems) patterns, trying understand feedbacks consequences for coevolving vegetation, has been limited. In this study, Channel–Hillslope Integrated Landscape Development (CHILD) landscape model coupled with dynamics Bucket Grassland Model (BGM) is used analyse coevolution landform–vegetation ecosystems. The CHILD+BGM run under different combinations solar radiation settings. Three settings, including uniform, control, control precipitation, are combination spatially uniform varied Based results, aspect, drainage network identified as major drivers cover landscapes. Further, created highest asymmetry divide migration emergence gentler slopes windward than leeward sides domain. outcomes from study indicate that aspect plays a key role generation topographic