Inference from Visible Information and Background Knowledge

Background Knowledge and Translation Ability

Causal inference and causal explanation with background knowledge

This paper presents correct algorithms for answering the following two questions; (i) Does there exist a causal explanation con­ sistent with a set of background knowledge which explains all of the observed indepen­ dence facts in a sample? (ii) Given that there is such a causal explanation what are the causal relationships common to every such

Data, design, and background knowledge in etiologic inference.

I use two examples to demonstrate that an appropriate etiologic analysis of an epidemiologic study depends as much on study design and background subject-matter knowledge as on the data. The demonstration is facilitated by the use of causal graphs.

the effects of previewing and providing background knowledge on iranian university efl learners’ comprehension of literary and academic texts

abstract poor reading comprehension can result in failure in using references, benefiting from professional gatherings and resources, keeping up with the growing body of knowledge in the virtual world of the internet, and failing to achieve in efl programs. the purpose of the present quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of background knowledge and previewing narrative and expos...

Information Gain from Inference

An argument is made for a double implicational associative information frame, 〈S, , , →, ←〉 being a relevant structure insofar as the specification of the information gain from inference (IGfI) is concerned. A strong informational pluralism is adopted throughout. The rejection of the structural rules K, K′, W, WI, C and CI is justified on the basis of the identification, frequency, and order ...