Increased climate variability and sedentarization in Tanzania: Health and nutrition implications on pastoral communities of Mvomero and Handeni districts, Tanzania

African pastoralists are undergoing significant changes in livelihood strategies, from predominantly mobile pastoralism to agro-pastoralism which both livestock raising and cultivation of crops practiced, combined with wage labor petty trade. These often result fixed settlements or a process known as sedentarization. Previous research indicates that sedentarization increased climate variability prominent forces shaping opportunities constraints East Africa, but the effects these co-occurring processes have yet be investigated. This paper develops theory, using qualitative data collected Morogoro Tanga Regions Tanzania, explaining relationships between variability, pastoral sedentarization, outcomes, resulting nutritional status. We observed among regions dramatic impacts on communities’ economic prosperity, health status, outcomes. Due risks associated land tenure policies allow continued practice highly namely, legal recognition collective rights, should adopted.