In-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction Directly Coupled to Mass Spectrometric Systems: A Review

Since it was introduced in 1997, in-tube solid-phase microextraction (in-tube SPME), which uses a capillary column as extraction device, has been continuously developed online coupled to LC systems SPME-LC). In the last decade, new couplings have evaluated on basis of state-of-the-art instruments, including direct coupling SPME MS/MS systems, without chromatographic separation, for high-throughput analysis. In-tube possible thanks selectivity coatings and (SRM mode). Different types columns (wall-coated open-tubular, porous-layer sorbent-packed, porous monolithic rods, or fiber-packed) with selective stationary phases increase sorption capacity SPME. This review focuses principle, configurations, current advances experimental parameters, coatings, applications different areas (food, biological, clinical, environmental areas) over years.