Improving phase-transfer catalysis by enhancing non-covalent interactions

Chiral Phase-transfer Catalysis (cptc) by Modified Cinchona Alkaloids

INTRODUCTION Phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) involves the use of environmentally benign organocatalysts, mild reaction conditions, and simple experimental procedures that are insensitive to air/moisture and amenable to large-scale processes. Furthermore, the use of inexpensive inorganic bases such as NaOH in place of expensive moisture-sensitive hydride, alkoxide and amide bases makes PTC an att...

Molecular balances for quantifying non-covalent interactions.

Molecular interactions underlie the whole of chemistry and biology. This tutorial review illustrates the use of rotameric folding molecules, topoisomers, atropoisomers, and tautomers as molecular balances for quantifying non-covalent interactions. This intramolecular approach enables a wide variety of interactions to be examined with a degree of geometric control that is difficult to achieve in...

M odelling of interprotein electron transfer by covalent and non-covalent crosslinking

Non-covalent interactions between proteins and polysaccharides.

Foods with novel or improved properties can be created by utilizing non-covalent interactions between proteins and polysaccharides. In solution, either attractive or repulsive interactions between proteins and polysaccharides can be used to create microstructures that give foods novel textural and sensory properties. At interfaces, attractive electrostatic interactions can be used to create foo...

Phase-transfer catalysis for synthesis of ethyl 2-(4-nitrophenoxy)acetate under sonication- kinetic aspects

Ultrasound assisted phase-transfer catalyzed preparation of ethyl 2-(4-nitrophenoxy)acetate from the corresponding p-nitrophenol and ethyl 2-bromoacetate using the mild solid base, anhydrous potassium carbonate, under very mild conditions is reported. The solid-liquid reactions were performed in a batch reactor equipped with reflux condenser, and ultrasonic irradiations were introduced using an...