Improved wall model treatment for aerodynamic flows in LBM

The article deals with an improved treatment of wall models for the simulation turbulent flows in framework Immersed Wall Boundaries on Cartesian grids. emphasis is put implementation a Lattice-Boltzmann Method solver without loss generality, since proposed approach can be used Navier–Stokes-based solvers straightforward way. model relies combination several key elements, namely i) removal grid points too close to solid surface and ii) original computation normal velocity gradient iii) interpolation scheme. new method successfully assessed considering URANS simulations focusing steady solutions Zero Pressure Gradient flat plate boundary layer flow around NACA0012 airfoil at angles attack.