Impacts of floods in land use land cover change: A case study of Indrawati and Melamchi River, Melamchi and Indrawati municipality, Nepal

Every year, flood affects millions of people worldwide causing an imbalance in social, economic, and natural harmony as it is one the most destructive hazards. Floods occur when river channel overflows extends across surrounding topography. Nepal highly vulnerable to floods. We studied impacts that occurred on 15 June, 2021 Melamchi- Indrawati basin which second highest prone area zone Sidhupalchowk district. used a pre, post-event, present land use cover (LULC) map study quantify area. Sentinel 2 imagery from 2019-02-01 2019-03-01, 2021-07-01 2021-08-01, 2022-02-01 2022-03-01 google earth engine LULC change. random forest classifier run supervised classification build 5 classes: built-up, cropland, barren land, water bodies, our map. found overall accuracy 94.26% for 2019 map, 92.18% 92.72% 2022 impact floods agriculture/crops agriculture reduced by 90.48 % following event. Similarly, areas grew 78.58%. The built-up was 70.61 %. 93.06% flooded zone. Government should introduce effective policies like mandatory insurance risk-prone losses after