Hyperspectral Reflectance and Indices for Characterizing the Dynamics of Crop–Weed Competition for Water

Understanding the spectral characteristics of crops in response to stress caused by weeds is a basic step improving precision agricultural technologies that manage field. This research focused on competition between corn (Zea mays) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), common weed strongly reduces yield. The aim this was characterize physiological changes occur during early growth because crop–weed examine ability detect effect through hyperspectral measurements. A greenhouse experiment conducted, plants were examined growth, with without competition. Hyperspectral measurements combined reflectance photosynthetic activity corn. Changes expected appear mainly short-wave infrared region (SWIR) due for water. Relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, rate, stomatal conductance reduced presence weeds, intercellular CO2 levels increased. Deeper SWIR light absorption occurred treatment as expected, accompanied visible (VIS) near (NIR) ranges. results highlight potential using an indicator