Human iPSCs and Genome Editing Technologies for Precision Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) originate from the reprogramming of adult somatic using four Yamanaka transcription factors. Since their discovery, cell (SC) field achieved significant milestones and opened several gateways in area disease modeling, drug regenerative medicine. In parallel, emergence clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) revolutionized genome engineering, allowing generation genetically modified lines achieving a precise recombination or random insertions/deletions, usefully translated for wider applications. Cardiovascular diseases represent constantly increasing societal concern, with limited understanding underlying cellular molecular mechanisms. The ability iPSCs to differentiate into multiple types combined CRISPR-Cas9 technology could enable systematic investigation pathophysiological mechanisms screening potential therapeutics. Furthermore, these technologies can provide platform cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE) approaches by modulating expression inhibition targeted proteins, thereby creating possibility engineer new and/or fine-tune biomimetic scaffolds. This review will focus on application iPSCs, CRISPR-Cas9, combination thereof TE. particular, clinical translatability such be discussed ranging modeling TE