Human colonocyte detoxification

Human colonocyte detoxification.

gp96 is a human colonocyte plasma membrane binding protein for Clostridium difficile toxin A.

Clostridium difficile toxin A (TxA), a key mediator of antibiotic-associated colitis, requires binding to a cell surface receptor prior to internalization. Our aim was to identify novel plasma membrane TxA binding proteins on human colonocytes. TxA was coupled with biotin and cross-linked to the surface of HT29 human colonic epithelial cells. The main colonocyte binding protein for TxA was iden...

Low colonocyte folate is associated with uracil misincorporation and global DNA hypomethylation in human colorectum.

Low folate status is a risk factor for colon carcinogenesis; mechanisms proposed to account for this relationship include uracil misincorporation into DNA and global DNA hypomethylation. We investigated whether such biomarkers are related to folate status in isolated colonocytes from colonoscopy patients. In cases with adenomatous polyps (n = 40) or hyperplastic polyps (n = 16), colonocytes wer...

Clinical Detoxification: Elimination of Persistent Toxicants from the Human Body

Copyright © 2013 Stephen J. Genuis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Underlying individuals' unique, invaluable, and enigmatic metaphysical qualities, the human organism is, in a physical sense, essentially a ...

Keratins modulate colonocyte electrolyte transport via protein mistargeting

The function of intestinal keratins is unknown, although keratin 8 (K8)-null mice develop colitis, hyperplasia, diarrhea, and mistarget jejunal apical markers. We quantified the diarrhea in K8-null stool and examined its physiologic basis. Isolated crypt-units from K8-null and wild-type mice have similar viability. K8-null distal colon has normal tight junction permeability and paracellular tra...