How to build coarse-grain transport models consistent from the kinetic to fluid regimes

In this paper, we examine how to build coarse-grain transport models consistently from the kinetic fluid regimes. The internal energy of gas particles is described through a state-to-state approach. A equation allows us study phenomena in phase space for non-homogeneous mixture. Internal excitation modeled using binary collision operator, whereas chemical processes rely on reactive operator. We obtain an asymptotic model by means Chapman–Enskog perturbative solution Boltzmann Maxwellian reaction regime. macroscopic conservation equations species mass, mixture momentum, and as well expressions properties are given. Reversibility relations elementary formulated at level enforced algorithm direct simulation Monte Carlo method used solve equation. Furthermore, respecting these reversibility key deriving that well-posed compatible with second law thermodynamics. consistency between simulations assessed shock wave nitrogen uniform rovibrational collisional model. show fluxes both