How often can we expect a record event?

How long can we expect to live?

Female Most developed world regions. Both sexes Least developed countries. Both sexes 1950 50.7 53.4 66.5 35.5 1955 53.9 56.8 68.5 37.7 1960 56.9 60.0 69.8 39.6 1965 59.5 62.7 70.5 41.8 1970 61.4 65.0 71.2 43.6 1975 62.9 66.8 72.2 45.2 1980 64.4 68.5 73.0 47.1 1985 65.7 70.1 74.0 49.3 1990 66.4 70.8 74.2 49.7 1995 67.0 71.4 74.9 52.6 Source: World Population Prospects: The 1996 Revision. United...

How Large an Effect Can We Expect from School Reforms?

How Large an Effect Can We Expect from School Reforms? Judging the success of school reform requires an interpretative context in which to judge whether effects obtained are large enough to be important or so small as to be a disappointment. The logic of school reform suggests two frameworks with which to judge the importance of effects. One is the size of the existing achievement gaps between ...

Bioenergy: how much can we expect for 2050?

How can we enhance the value of laboratory tests?

Today, the pressures on the healthcare systems for the controlling of the costs are extreme and all sectors try to demonstrate the value of their services by justifying the activities and expenditures so the value can be describe in terms like quality, efficiency, effectiveness, patient satisfaction, cost effectiveness .The value of the lab testing is generally directed to their costs and the c...

Noninvasive ventilation for acute lung injury: how often should we try, how often should we fail?

The selection of patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) to receive noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is challenging, partly because there are few reliable selection criteria. The study by Rana and colleagues in the previous issue of Critical Care identifies metabolic acidosis and a lower oxygenation index as predictors of NIV failure, although it is unable to...