How membrane receptors tread the fine balance between symbiosis and immunity signaling

The balance between immunity and inflammation.

G R A P H IC : V . A L T O U N IA N / S C IE N C E straints on the primordial size distribution of the asteroids. The newest models that started the whole debate suggest that planetesimals form through the clumping of small particles (1, 2), predicting that asteroids that form should initially be of large size. Morbidelli et al. (6) modeled asteroid formation and found that to reproduce the exi...

Innate immunity: cells, receptors, and signaling pathways.

Essential differences between the innate and acquired branches of immunity are described. These differences concern the detection system (receptors and pathogen structures) and the cells engaged in both systems as well as the effectory mechanisms. In contrast to those of the acquired system, receptors of the innate system, which developed during evolution, recognize unchanged structures on larg...

[Health technologies and the fine balance between risks and benefits].

Os métodos diagnósticos e terapêuticos utilizados em medicina e saúde pública foram sempre prioritariamente avaliados no que concerne aos seus benefícios. Porém, em épocas recentes, vem crescendo também as preocupações no que concerne aos seus riscos. Essas questões tornam-se relevantes a partir da segunda metade do século XIX, quando o nascimento da ciência e da indústria modernas iria marcar ...

Innate and adaptive receptors interact to balance humoral immunity.

Dendritic cells and the balance between transplant tolerance and immunity _

Dendritic cells (DC) are a distinct lineage of unusually potent accessory cells for immune responses (reviewed in [1-4]) that are derived from CD34+ bone marrow precursors. They possess, or can acquire, the capacity to initiate primary adaptive immune responses in vitro and in vivo. This property is ascribed to expression of high cell surface levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cla...