Host epigenetic modifications by oncogenic viruses

Epigenetic Modifications of Host Genes Induced by Bacterial Infection

Introduction: Epigenetic mechanisms regulate expression of the genome to generate various cell types during development or coordinate cellular responses to external stimulus. While epigenetics is of fundamental importance in eukaryotes, it plays a different role in bacteria. This article uncovers the most important recent data on how bacteria can alter epigenetic marks and can also contribute t...

Host-induced modifications of viruses.

Viruses exhibit extensive adaptability to growth in various hosts or tissues. It was widely held in the past that virus adaptability reflected a peculiar plasticity of virus heredity, which allowed it to be directly influenced by its host cells. The alternative interpretation of virus adaptation to new host cells as due to spontaneous mutations, which provide a range of genotypes for the new ho...

The Host Signaling Pathways Hijacked by Oncogenic Viruses

Viruses can only reproduce by infecting live cells. During their replication, some viruses manipulate the host cell machinery in such a way that may cause the host cell to reproduce out of control and become carcinogenesis. These viruses are known as oncogenic viruses, also named as “tumor viruses” or “cancer viruses”. In 1909, Francis Peyton Rous showed that cancer could be transmitted through...

Recognition of Human Oncogenic Viruses by Host Pattern-Recognition Receptors

Human oncogenic viruses include Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papilloma virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus, Kaposi's associated sarcoma virus, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. It would be expected that during virus-host interaction, the immune system would recognize these pathogens and eliminate them. However, through evolution, these viruses have developed a ...

Epigenetic Modifications in Gram-Negative Bacteria and the Induction of Patho-Epigenetic Modifications in Host Tissue