Holy City

Water woes in Senegal's holy city.

Air quality assessment at Al-Taneem area in the Holy Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.

Air quality assessment of the emission from power plant and traffic at Al-Taneem area located at the northern part of the Holy City of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, is investigated. Concentration levels of different pollutants including nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O(3)), methane (CH(4)) and total hydrocarbons (THC) as well as some meteorological parame...

Ambient PM2.5 exposure and premature mortality burden in the holy city Varanasi, India.

More than 3 million population residing in the holy city Varanasi and sub-urban areas is exposed to very high level of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from various sources. Continuous monitoring by Central Pollution Control Board started only in 2015; therefore what was the pollution level in the past and how it has changed over the years are not known. We use MODIS aerosol products to infer PM...

Studies of Physico-chemical Status of the Ponds at Varanasi Holy City under Anthropogenic Influences

Scarcity of water, pollution load, political issues and rising population has drawn a great attention for proper management of water resources such as surface water in 21 century. India is one of the developing country having prosperous fresh water resources in the form of rivers, kunds, ponds and lakes etc. Varanasi is a religious city and is popularly known for its mythological ponds & kunds....

Holy springs and holy water: underestimated sources of illness?

Use of holy springs and holy water is inherent in religious activities. Holy spring water is also used extensively for personal drinking water, although not assessed according to drinking water standards. Holy water in churches and chapels may cause infections via wetting of lips and sprinkling on persons. Our aim was to assess the microbiological and chemical water quality of holy springs and ...