History of anthropogenic Nitrogen inputs (HaNi) to the terrestrial biosphere: a 5 arcmin resolution annual dataset from 1860 to 2019

Abstract. Excessive anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs to the biosphere have disrupted global cycle. To better quantify spatial and temporal patterns of N inputs, assess their impacts on biogeochemical cycles planet living organisms, improve use efficiency (NUE) for sustainable development, we developed a comprehensive synthetic dataset reconstructing History Nitrogen (HaNi) terrestrial biosphere. The HaNi takes advantage different data sources in spatiotemporally consistent way generate set high-resolution gridded input products from preindustrial period present (1860–2019). includes annual rates fertilizer, manure application/deposition, atmospheric deposition cropland, pasture, rangeland at resolution 5 arcmin × arcmin. Specifically, are categorized, according forms land uses, into 10 types: (1) NH4+-N fertilizer applied (2) NO3--N (3) (4) (5) application (6) (7) (8) rangeland, (9) NHx-N deposition, (10) NOy-N deposition. total (TN) ecosystems increased 29.05 Tg yr?1 1860s 267.23 2010s, with dominant source changing (before 1900s) (in 1910s–2000s) then 2010s. proportion 64 % 1960s 90 while decreased 36 Hotspots TN shifted Europe North America East South Asia during 1960s–2010s. Such dynamics captured by expected facilitate assessment coupled human–Earth system address variety social welfare issues, such as climate–biosphere feedback, air pollution, water quality, biodiversity. available https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.942069 (Tian et al., 2022).