منابع مشابه
Historical roots of gauge invariance
Gauge invariance is the basis of the modern theory of electroweak and strong interactions (the so-called standard model). A number of authors have discussed the ideas and history of quantum guage theories, beginning with the 1920s, but the roots of gauge invariance go back to the year 1820 when electromagnetism was discovered and the first electrodynamic theory was proposed. We describe the 19t...
متن کاملGauge invariance 1 Introduction
Up until now, we have dealt with general features of quantum field theories. For example, we have seen how to calculate scattering amplitudes starting from a general Lagrangian. Now we will begin to explore what the Lagrangian of the real world could possibly be. Then, of course, we will discuss what it actually is, or at least what we have figured out about it so far. A good way to start under...
متن کاملGauge Invariance and Noncommutativity *
The role of the gauge invariance in noncommutative field theory is discussed. A basic introduction to noncommutative geometry and noncommutative field theory is given. Background invariant formulation of Wilson lines is proposed. Duality symmetries relating various noncommutative gauge models are being discussed. ∗Work supported by RFBR grant #, INTAS grant # and Scientific School Support grant #.
متن کاملSpontaneously Generated Gauge Invariance
We argue that the non-observability of the spontaneous breakdown of Lorentz symmetry (SBLS) caused by the vacuum expectation values of vector fields could provide the origin of all internal symmetries observed. Remarkably , the application of this principle to the most general relativistically invariant Lagrangian, with arbitrary couplings for all the fields involved, leads by itself to the app...
متن کاملQuantisation and Gauge Invariance
Recent developments concerning canonical quantisation and gauge invariant quantum mechanical systems and quantum field theories are briefly discussed. On the one hand, it is shown how diffeomorphic covariant representations of the Heisenberg algebra over curved manifolds of non trivial topology involve topology classes of flat U(1) bundles. On the other hand, through some examples, the recently...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Reviews of Modern Physics
سال: 2001
ISSN: 0034-6861,1539-0756
DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.73.663