Heterogeneous Effects on Chemo-Mechanical Coupling Behaviors at the Single-Particle Level

Understanding and alleviating the chemo-mechanical degradation of silicon anodes is a formidable challenge due to large volume change during operations. Here, for comprehensive understanding heterogeneous effects on behaviors at single-particle level, in situ observation single-crystalline micropillar electrodes under inhomogeneous extrinsic conditions, taken as an example, was made. The shows that anisotropic deformation patterns fracture starting sites are reshaped with combination electrochemical driving force charge transfer interface between electrolyte, crystal orientation-dependent lithiation dynamics. Also, numerical simulation unravels underlying mechanisms behaviors, well predicts relative depth time crack initiation conditions. results show heterogeneities arising from conditions may induce mechanical damage tailor degree active particle offering insights into designing large-volume-change battery particles good integrity performance impacts.