Heterogeneity of grain boundary properties in Cu2ZnSnS4: A first-principles study
نویسندگان
چکیده
Using first-principles density functional calculations, we investigate the structure and properties of previously unstudied grain boundaries (GBs) in solar absorber material copper-zinc-tin-sulfide (CZTS). We identify four stable low-Σ value symmetric tilt GBs with low formation energies: Σ3 (111) Σ5 (201), each two different GB terminations. Compared to CdTe CuInSe, quaternary semiconductor CZTS exhibit a wider variety electronic states due more complex chemical environment near GB, including under-coordinated atoms dangling bonds. Further analysis confirms that strong bonds introduce deep gap all studied. also segregation intrinsic point defects find one exhibits an abnormal defect behavior favors Cu-poor (Zn-rich) composition, which is beneficial for its overall performance.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Applied Physics
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1089-7550', '0021-8979', '1520-8850']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0147435