Heat generation in fermenting wort.

The growth and survival of food-borne pathogens in sweet and fermenting brewers' wort.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the survival and growth of four food-borne pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus) in sweet and fermenting brewery wort. The Gram-negative pathogens (E. coli and Salm. Typhimurium) were capable of growth during the initial stages of fermentation in hopped wort, ...

Heat Generation in Computational Processes

How much energy must be used in a computation? Landauer [1] answered to this question in 1961 as follows: “Logical irreversibility implies physical irreversibility” (p.186 in Ref. [1]) and requires a finite amount of heat generation. A data-erasing operation is generally irreversible and induces the heat generation, which corresponds to a cost of energy, kT ln 2/bit (at least), while a reversib...

wind farm impact on generation adequacy in power systems

در سال های اخیر به دلیل افزایش دمای متوسط کره زمین، بشر به دنبال روش های جایگزین برای تامین توان الکتریکی مورد نیاز خود بوده و همچنین در اکثر نقاط جهان سوزاندن سوخت های فسیلی در نیروگاه های حرارتی به عنوان مهم ترین روش تولید توان الکتریکی مطرح بوده است. به دلیل توجه به مسایل زیست محیطی، استفاده از منابع انرژی تجدید پذیر در سال های اخیر شدت یافته است. نیروگاه های بادی به عنوان یک منبع تولید توان...

Heat Transfer in Composite Solids with Heat Generation

Steady-state heat transfer problems have been considered in a composite solid comprising two materials, one, a slab, which forms the bulk of the interior and the other, a plate, which forms a thin layer around the boundary. Through the use of appropriate Green's functions, it is shown that the boundary value problem can be converted into a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The inte...

St. John's wort.