Halophilic microbiome: Distribution, diversity and applications

Microorganisms that love salt are known as halophiles, and they found in both the archaeal eubacterial domains of life. Halophiles do naturally occur mesmeric saline habitats such hypersaline lakes, pans, marshes, soils, solar salterns. The group microorganisms live a salty environment is halophilic microbiome. This includes bacteria, algae, fungi, viruses, more. According to how much can tolerate, halophiles divided into three categories: mild (0.3-0.8 M), moderate (0.8-3.4 extreme (3.4-5.1 M). Seawater already covers majority surface Earth has salinity roughly 0.6 M. most numerous adaptable therefore those thrive environments. Due presence carotenoids, many exhibit red-pigmented colonies. pigment resembles tomatoes, red peppers, pink flamingos, other similar foods. In production traditional fermented foods like sauces pickles, some play specific role. Since their potential still unknown, microbes have fewer but more significant biotechnological applications than thermophiles alkaliphiles. Nevertheless, could be an important source particular biomolecules, including salt-stable enzymes, biopolymers, pigments. may also crucial for bioprocesses bioleaching, bioremediation, biotransformation, biofermentation. might interesting uses medicine agriculture. review essay examined diversity, distribution, halophiles.