Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Sambucus ebulus fruit extract, characterization, and antileishmanial, antibacterial, antioxidant, and photocatalytic activities

In this study, gold nanoparticles were synthesized using the fruit extract of Sambucus ebulus (S. ebulus) as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. Biogenic synthesis (Au nanoparticles) was accomplished S. in presence hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate at temperature 65 °C solution stirred 400 rpm. The characterization (SE-AuNPs) performed different analytical methods, such scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffraction analysis (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy. A strong absorption peak 565 nm confirmed formation nanoparticle. On basis results, AuNPs mostly spherical with an average size 116.2 nm. cubic crystalline structure prepared XRD pattern crystallite obtained 28.471 FT-IR functional groups plant for nanoparticles. SE-AuNPs showed good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria tested exhibited potent antileishmanial activity. Furthermore, excellent antioxidant that inhibited DPPH radicals IC50 value 21.976 µg/mL. acted to degrade methyl orange (MO), which sodium borohydride visible light.